Muslim conquest of Persia 633–654

Belligerents: Byzantine Empire, Hephthalites, Sasanian Empire, Arab-Christians, House of Karen, Rashidun Caliphate, Dabuyid dynasty, House of Mihrān

Key battles

• Battle of Chains (633)
• Battle of Hira (633)
• Battle of Ullais (633)
• Battle of Walaja (633)
• Battle of al-Anbar (633)
• Battle of River (633)
• Battle of Ayn al-Tamr (633)
• Battle of Muzayyah (633)
• Battle of Firaz (634)
• Battle of the Bridge (634)
• Battle of al-Qadisiyyah (636)
• Battle of Jalula (637)
• Siege of Ctesiphon (637)
• Battle of Nahāvand (642)

Who lived through the Muslim conquest of Persia

Well-known people alive during 633–654:

• Umar ibn Al-Khattāb (586–644) — 2nd Rashidun Caliph from 634 to 644
• Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib (599–661) — 4th Rashidun Caliph (r. 656–661) and first Shia Imam
• Brahmagupta (598–670) — Indian mathematician and astronomer (c. 598 – c. 668 CE)
• Uthman ibn Affan (574–656) — Caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate from 644 to 656
• Aisha (614–678) — Muhammad's third wife (c. 613/614 – 678)
• Husayn ibn Ali (626–680) — grandson of Muhammad and the 3rd Shia Imam (626–680)
• Mu'awiya I (603–680) — founder and first caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate (r. 661–680)
• Benedict II (635–685) — pope
• Hasan ibn Ali (625–669) — 5th Rashidun Caliph (r. 661) and second Shia Imam
• Leo II (611–683) — pope
• Martin I (598–655) — 7th‑century pope and martyr, bishop of Rome (649–655), exiled for opposing Monothelitism, venerated as a saint in Catholic and Orthodox Churches
• Xuanzang (602–664) — 7th-century Chinese Buddhist monk and scholar (602–664)
• Agatho (574–681) — pope
• Vitalian (600–672) — 7th-century pope
• John V (635–686) — pope
• Wu Zetian (624–705) — founding empress of Zhou dynasty (r. 690–705); de facto ruler of Tang dynasty from 665 to 690
• Conon (630–687) — pope (630-687)
• Constans II (630–668) — Byzantine Emperor from 641 to 668
• Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib (568–653) — Paternal uncle of Muhammad (c.565–c.653)
• Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr (624–692) — historical Arab ruler (624-692)
• Maximus the Confessor (579–662) — Christian monk, theologian, scholar and saint (c. 580 - 662)
• Abd Allah ibn Abbas (619–688) — 7th-century Islamic scholar
• 'Amr ibn al-'As (570–664) — Arab military commander and governor (c.573–664)
• Hafsa bint Umar ibn Al-Khattab (604–665) — The fourth wife of Islamic prophet Muhammad (c.605–665)
• Marwan I (623–685) — Fourth Umayyad caliph from 684 to 685

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