Nine Years' War 1688–1697

Grand Alliance (League of Augsburg), Dutch Republic, Kingdom of England, Holy Roman Empire, Spanish Empire, Habsburg Spain, Duchy of Savoy, Sweden ⚔ Early modern France

Key battles

• Battle of the Boyne (1690)
• Battle of Fleurus (1690)
• Battle of Quebec (1690)
• Battle of Staffarda (1690)
• Battle of Leuze (1691)
• Battle of Steenkerque (1692)
• Siege of Namur (1692)
• Battle of Landen (1693)
• Battle of Marsaglia (1693)
• Siege of Namur (1695)

Who lived through the Nine Years' War

Well-known people alive during 1688–1697:

• Isaac Newton (1643–1727) — English mathematician and physicist (1642–1727)
• Johann Sebastian Bach (1685–1750) — German composer (1685–1750)
• John Locke (1632–1704) — English philosopher and physician (1632-1704)
• Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646–1716) — German mathematician and philosopher (1646–1716)
• Matsuo Bashō (1644–1694) — Japanese poet (1644–1694)
• Louis XIV of France (1638–1715) — King of France and of Navarre from 1643 to 1715 (1638-1715)
• Peter the Great (1672–1725) — Tsar/Emperor of Russia from 1682 to 1725
• Antonio Vivaldi (1678–1741) — Italian composer and violinist (1678-1741)
• Jonathan Swift (1667–1745) — Anglo-Irish satirist and essayist (1667–1745)
• George Frideric Handel (1685–1759) — German-British Baroque composer (1685–1759)
• Montesquieu (1689–1755) — French philosopher (1689–1755)
• Jean de La Fontaine (1621–1695) — French poet, fabulist and writer (1621–1695)
• Daniel Defoe (1660–1731) — English trader, writer, and journalist (1660–1731)
• Alexander Pope (1688–1744) — English poet (1688–1744)
• Christiaan Huygens (1629–1695) — Dutch mathematician, physicist and astronomer (1629–1695)
• Jean Racine (1639–1699) — French dramatist (1639-1699)
• Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723) — Dutch scientist known as "the Father of Microbiology", and one of the first microscopists (1632–1723)
• George Berkeley (1685–1753) — Irish idealist philosopher and Anglican bishop (1685–1753)
• Charles Perrault (1628–1703) — French author (1628-1703)
• Robert Hooke (1635–1703) — English natural philosopher, architect and polymath (1635 — 1703)
• Edmond Halley (1656–1742) — English astronomer, mathematician, geophysicist, meteorologist and physicist (1656–1742)
• John Dryden (1631–1700) — 17th-century English poet and playwright (1631–1700)
• Aurangzeb (1618–1707) — the sixth Mughal Emperor from 1658 to 1707
• Anne of Great Britain (1665–1714) — Queen of Great Britain and Ireland from 1702 to 1714 (1665–1714)
• Benedict XIV (1675–1758) — pope of the Catholic Church from 1740 to 1758

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