The Anarchy 1135–1154

Stephen, King of England ⚔ Empress Matilda, Henry II of England

Key battles

• Battle of the Standard (1138)
• Battle of Lincoln (1141)

Who lived through the The Anarchy

Well-known people alive during 1135–1154:

• Saladin (1138–1193) — Sultan of Egypt and founder of the Ayyubid dynasty (1137–1193)
• Averroes (1126–1198) — Arab Andalusian Muslim writer and philosopher (1126–1198)
• Zhu Xi (1130–1200) — Chinese historian, neo-Confucian philosopher, poet, and politician during the Song dynasty (1130–1200)
• Hildegard of Bingen (1098–1179) — German Benedictine abbess, polymath, mystic and Doctor of Church (1098–1179)
• Moshe ben Maimon (1138–1204) — Medieval Jewish philosopher from Spain (1135–1204)
• Frederick Barbarossa (1122–1190) — Holy Roman Emperor from 1155 to 1190
• Nizami Ganjavi (1141–1202) — Persian poet
• Bernard of Clairvaux (1091–1153) — Burgundian saint, abbot and theologian (1090-1153)
• Abu Abdullah Muhammad al-Idrisi al-Qurtubi al-Hasani as-Sabti (1110–1165) — andalusian geographer (1100–1165)
• Alexander III (1100–1181) — pope of the Catholic Church from 1159 to 1181
• Henry II of England (1133–1189) — King of England from 1154 to 1189
• Gregory VIII (1100–1187) — Pope of the Roman Catholic Church in 1187
• Celestine III (1106–1198) — pope of the Catholic Church from 1191 to 1198
• Louis VII of France (1120–1180) — King of France from 1137 to 1180 (1120–1180)
• Chrétien de Troyes (1135–1181) — 12th century French poet and trouvère
• Lucius III (1110–1185) — pope of the Catholic Church from 1181 to 1185 (1110–1185)
• Clement III (1124–1191) — pope of the Catholic Church from 1188 to 1191
• Lucius II (1050–1145) — pope of the Catholic Church from 1144 to 1145
• Manuel I Komnenos (1118–1180) — Byzantine Emperor
• Attar of Nishapur (1145–1221) — Persian Sufi poet (c. 1145 – c. 1221)
• Anna Komnene (1083–1153) — Byzantine princess and historian
• Stephen, King of England (1095–1154) — King of England from 1135 to 1154
• Geoffrey of Monmouth (1100–1155) — Historian and Bishop of St Asaph, Wales (c.1095–1155)
• Afonso I of Portugal (1109–1185) — king of Portugal from 1139 to 1185
• Thomas Becket (1119–1171) — English archbishop and martyr, 1119/1120–1170

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